The 10 best cannabinoids for quick reference: tetrahydrocannabinol THC. Cannabinoids are the chemical compounds produced by the cannabis plant that reveal its many healing secrets. There are more than 100 cannabinoids known and these chemicals mimic endocannabinoids naturally produced by humans. Do you know the sparkling crystals you see in marijuana buds? They're trichomes and that's where cannabinoids are stored.
Human bodies (and many animals) have endocannabinoid systems, which means that cannabinoids are naturally produced so that they can bind to endocannabinoid receptors, leading to changes in our physiology. Have you noticed a lot of similarities? Cannabinoids are widely known for their anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, anti-nausea, antifungal and anti-cancer effects, and science has just scratched the surface. The extent to which these effects are expressed is the result of the entourage effect. The entourage effect indicates that cannabinoids work better together than alone.
THC and CBD together produce stronger healing properties that are shown differently depending on their concentrations and the presence of other cannabinoids. In addition, terpenes, the oils that fragrance cannabis, contribute to the plant's therapeutic effects on the body when combined with cannabinoids. The powerful combination of these natural chemicals produces the medical effects that have given cannabis its reputation as a medical agent. In California alone, there are 12 conditions that qualify for obtaining a medical cannabis card, including one that is described as “any other chronic or persistent medical symptom that substantially limits a person's ability to perform one or more important life activities (as defined by the Americans with disabilities from 1990) or, if not alleviated, may cause serious harm to the patient's physical or mental health or safety.
There are more than 100 cannabinoids known and we have only briefly described ten. There is much more research to be done to understand the particular complexities of each cannabinoid and how they interact with each other. Below are 10 of the main cannabinoids found in cannabis, along with the potential benefits, effects and products in which they can be found. Cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabidiorcol (CBDC) Cannabidiol-C4 (CBDC), cannabidiol dimethyl ether (CBDD), cannabidiol monomethyl ether (CBDM), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA) This list of cannabinoids contains the best known and most studied cannabinoids Deposits of these compounds.
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the best-known cannabinoid and is the chemical substance responsible for much of the psychoactive (psychotropic) and euphoric effects of cannabis, in addition to being used to treat serious illnesses such as PTSD and cancer. Cannabidiol (CBD), a generally non-psychoactive compound that has been shown to provide a wide range of medical benefits, such as pain relief, anxiety relief and depression relief, is another notable cannabinoid. Most people are familiar with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). While THC and CBD are definitely important cannabinoids, there are many more worth exploring.
While the endocannabinoid system can use THC and CBD, it can also use MANY more cannabinoids. When interacting with the endocannabinoid system, CBD does not bind to the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Rather, it indirectly interacts with receptors through potential transient, vanilloid, or TRPV1 receptors. There is interest and research in CBD related to anxiety, cognition, movement disorders and pain, but more high-quality evidence that it is effective may be needed before it is more widely available for these purposes.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved version of CBD, called Epidiolex, is available by prescription for use in treating seizures. CBG is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in small amounts in harvested and processed cannabis. Cannabigerolic acid (CBGa) is the precursor to cannabigerol (CBG) and is responsible for creating most cannabinoids synthesized in later stages, such as THC and CBD. Because of this, CBG is affectionately called the “mother of all cannabinoids”, but since most CBGa is converted to cannabinoids, there is traditionally very little left in the plant after harvest and use.
CBN is a cannabinoid found in low concentrations in the cannabis plant and is mainly a product of the aging of tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA). In aged cannabis, the plant's THCA is converted to cannabolic acid (CBNA) and, when decarboxylated by air, heat or light, it becomes CBN. CBN is sometimes considered to have psychotropic properties and may have up to 25% potency compared to delta-9 THC. CBN has been reported to be a sedative, but adequate studies are scarce.
CBN has been shown to have potential related to many medical properties, but once again, more studies and data are needed before they are confirmed as differentiated and predictable effects. CBC is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found at low levels a) in cannabis. Reportedly, it does not affect the psychoactivity of THC, but it appears to have a different effect if THC is present. Like CBD, CBC acts through TRPV1 receptors and stimulating CB2 receptors, but does not have significant activity on CB1 receptors.
CBC has been studied for pharmacological uses and is said to have significant pharmacological potential for obtaining medical benefits based on existing research. CBDV is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found at low levels in cannabis. It interacts with the body in several ways, including through the TRP and CB1 receptors, the latter affecting the way in which the endocannabinoid system processes and modulates certain chemicals. Not much data is available on the medical uses of CBDV, but it has demonstrated its potential as an anti-seizure tool, perhaps even better than CBD.
Before the revision of the definition of hemp, the word “THC” used alone often referred to Δ9 THC, although there are other types of THC (see below). Now you know more about THC and CBD and the other cannabinoids native to cannabis cultivars, some with psychoactive properties and others without. There is a risk of not passing a drug test. It depends on the type of CBD product being used.
Drug tests for marijuana generally identify THC or its metabolites. Although tests don't detect CBD, full-spectrum CBD products contain low amounts of THC, which can cause a person to fail a drug test. If you are planning to take a drug test, we suggest that you consult with your employer or test administrator for greater clarity before taking full spectrum CBD products. Yes, but even though cannabinoids and their products comply with federal standards, individual states may have their own regulations on the purchase or use of hemp and cannabinoid-based products, and these are subject to change.
Check state and local THC and CBD regulations before ordering. Our legendary customer service, third-party testing and fast drop shipping make us the best choice for your high-CBD, low-THC cannabis needs. By now, most cannabis users are familiar with THC and CBD, the two most abundant and well-known cannabinoids in the cannabis plant. However, more than 100 different cannabinoids have been found in the cannabis plant.
Every cannabinoid has its own story and potential benefits. These are the 10 most important cannabinoids we think you should know. There are a lot of cannabinoids, and each one seems to offer something unique. Surprisingly, they all come from the cannabinoid acid CBGA, also known as the parent cannabinoid.
The world of cannabinoids may seem far-fetched at times, and maybe some of them are. But without detailed and thorough research, we can't know what these incredible molecules are fully capable of. Even so, as far as we know so far, a large part of the cannabinoids in the cannabis plant have impressive attributes that make them more than worthy of further study. There is no single way for cannabinoids to work.
What unites them all initially is that they are all descended from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). From here on, certain genetic processes and arrangements cause plants to express certain cannabinoids in greater or lesser abundance. Delta-9-THC is the most famous cannabinoid, and with good reason. With the psychotropic effect that people know and love, it is this compound that produces feelings of euphoria and relaxation in many users.
Used for thousands of years all over humanity, the effects of THC have been known for a long time. THC produces a powerful psychotropic effect. It does this by binding directly to the brain's CB1 receptors. And how does this cause a high? By causing a decrease in the concentration of the second messenger molecule, cAMP, through the inhibition of adenylate cylease.
Much research is being done on THC and its potential uses, especially as a potential treatment for multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative disorders. However, the potential uses are believed to be much broader than this, and are being studied in relation to many physical and mental illnesses. However, of all the cannabinoids, THC also appears to be the most likely to cause harm. Although the exact mechanisms are unknown, there is a relationship between THC and the increase in certain mental illnesses.
What is not known is whether it is an inherent characteristic of THC that interacts with the human brain or an aberration that depends on certain individuals. Cannabidiol has conquered the world in recent years and is becoming as well-known as THC. Interestingly, THC and CBD are very different molecules. While THC has an affinity for CB1 and CB2 receptors, CBD has almost no direct interaction with them.
Rather, CBD appears to bind to the serotonin 1A receptor and influences the production of anandamide. This is believed to be what is behind most of the physiological effects of CBD. Unlike THC, CBD does not cause any psychotropic effects, although some users report that they feel more mentally and physically relaxed after ingesting it. Interestingly, CBD may not only not bind to the CB1 and CB2 receptors, but it also prevents other compounds from binding to them.
CBD has been shown to reduce the effects of THC in both the short and long term. The potential of CBD to counteract the effects of THC has led to the former being studied in great detail. Research on its relationship with antipsychotic effects has been and is continuing. Similarly, there is additional research on other areas of mental health, such as anxiety and depression.
Many cannabinoids are being studied to discern their relationship with the brain, including the possible uses of neurodegenerative disorders (CBD). Significant research has been carried out to investigate whether or not it may have neuroprotective properties (the ability to slow the degradation of brain cells). As research progresses, the uses of CBD will become clearer. THCV, or tetrahydrocannabivarin, is a cannabinoid that is gaining increasing popularity.
Like THC, it causes a psychotropic effect. Although very little is known, it is said to produce a clear and stimulating effect. Its interaction with the body has not yet been clearly clarified, but it is believed to be a neutral CB1 receptor antagonist and a CB2 receptor agonist. As such, it directly affects the functioning of the ECS, such as THC.
Despite its lack of fame, THCV is not a particularly rare cannabinoid, nor does it only occur in small amounts. Certain cannabis strains have been found to contain up to 16% THCV on a dry weight basis. Trials are underway to find out if THCV could be a useful treatment for weight loss. It is believed that suppressing CB1 receptors at lower doses could influence appetite and metabolism in a beneficial way.
Interestingly, in studies with mice, it has been shown that the body does not develop a tolerance to THCV. If this could be replicated in humans, the cannabinoid could be administered as a long-term treatment, without having to increase the dose, reducing the likelihood of problematic dependencies. CBDV (Cannabidivarin) is a compound similar to CBD, but it affects the body in different ways. Although not as well known in popular culture, it is a fairly well-known cannabinoid (at least compared to some others).
It is believed to appear in much higher concentrations in indicative cannabis strains, particularly in native Indica varieties. CBDV affects TRPV receptors and the creation of the endocannabinoid 2-AG. Like CBD, it also appears to block CB1 and CB2 receptors. TRPV receptors are also called vanilloid or capsaicin receptors because, in the first case, certain beneficial compounds found in vanilla bind to TRPV receptors; and in the second case, the anti-inflammatory compound capsaicin (found in chilies) also has an affinity for them.
It also appears that CBDV may inhibit diacylglycerol (DAG) activity. This is the main enzyme involved in the synthesis of 2-AG. By inhibiting this, it reduces the activation of the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Clearly, with such varied effects, CBDV could have some potential clinical applications.
As for TRPV receptors, drugs that completely deactivate them are considered to be very dangerous, since they make the user feel no pain. However, like other receptors, they become insensitive when overstimulated, making them less susceptible to pain, without eliminating it completely. As a result, it is believed that CBDV can stimulate these channels effectively, without causing any initial pain. However, CBG does not appear in high concentrations in many cannabis plants.
In fact, it often only reaches around 1%. But breeders are now cultivating and stabilizing cannabis strains with higher concentrations of CBG, which will facilitate the study of the cannabinoid. Because it only comes in small amounts, it's quite difficult to understand the effects of CBG. What we do know is that it acts as an alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist, which intervenes in the perception of pain.
Although little is known, it is believed that CBG may have some effect on pain or sensitivity to pain. Like CBDV, it can stimulate certain receptors and make them less sensitive to painful stimuli. The decarboxylated CBCA product, cannabichromene (CBC), is one of the lesser-known cannabinoids. It was first discovered in 1966, but due to strict legislation, it has been the subject of very little research.
CBC is thought to be non-psychotropic, as it interacts with CB1 and CB2 receptors in a similar way to CBD. Similarly, it appears to have an affinity for TRP channels, as does CBDV. Cannabinol (CBN) is an attractive cannabinoid because of the way it is created. This illusory cannabinoid only appears in small amounts in fresh, growing cannabis plants; however, when a plant begins to age beyond what most people would consider its maturity (the optimal point for harvesting), CBN concentrations start to increase.
This occurs when THCA is oxidized and converted to CBNA. When CBNA is exposed to heat and light, it undergoes a decarboxylation process and is converted to CBN. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) is the precursor to THC. As THCA decarboxylates, it is converted to THC.
Interestingly, although some of this occurs in the plant, much of it occurs during the process of smoking, vaping or cooking. So your joint is really rich in THCA until the flame converts it to THC. Despite being the acid precursor to THC, THCA does not have the same psychotropic effects as THC, since the molecule has little affinity for CB1 (or CB2). That doesn't mean it's useless.
Research has been conducted on the potential neuroprotective properties of THCA. That said, the body of research is minimal, so it's too early to say with certainty what its capabilities are. This is true for many cannabinoid acids, since, until recently, they were not available for study. Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) is the precursor to CBD mentioned above.
Like THC and CBC, it comes from CBGA (cannabigerolic acid). Synthase enzymes interact with CBGA to convert the compound to CBDA. Like CBD, CBDA has no psychotropic effects, since it does not bind to the CB1 or CB2 receptors. However, it appears to have some effect on serotonin receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR).
Like many cannabinoid acids, research is minimal and the potential uses of CBDA have not yet been revealed. That said, researchers seem particularly interested in this cannabinoid, and studies are underway on its therapeutic potential for conditions such as anxiety, inflammation and nausea, to name a few. CBGA has no psychotropic effects in and of itself, but it manages to give rise to many other effects that cannabis can express. Although research is limited, there is little evidence that CBGA can inhibit the enzyme aldose reductase, which is linked to heart problems, and that it may have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells.
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